Jeff King

Picking a Pest Control Expert? Look for These Qualifications

When a homeowner suspects, or confirms, a pest infestation on their property, the first reaction for many is to tackle the problem themselves. DIY pest remediation methods can generate mixed results.

Depending on the type of pest and the severity of the problem, it may be better for a homeowner to contact a trained pest control technician.

When choosing the right pest control company, homeowners should always research the companies they are considering. Ask for referrals, read online reviews, and check out each company’s websites and social media pages.

This due diligence is important so you as the homeowner know the company has the technicians with the right skills, credentials, and equipment to solve your pest problem. (Want to know why it’s so important to keep your home in great shape, and how a pest control company like The Pest Rangers can help you achieve that? Read how The Pest Rangers helped Martha Stewart).

Are there qualifications for being a pest control expert in Northeastern Pennsylvania?

According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, entry-level pest control technician positions typically require a high school diploma or equivalency. There are also specialized programs available to obtain a pest control technician job.

Courses can include termite control, fumigation, and other specific remediation methods. Depending on the program, it can take a few weeks or several months to receive your certification and begin a career as a pest control professional.

Besides their formal training, many entry-level techs receive valuable on-the-job training from their employer. The job outlook for this field is promising, with a 10% growth rate over the next decade. The average salary is approximately $18/hour or $40,000 per year.

Like most jobs, pest control technicians are expected to stay up-to-date with the latest trends in the industry. This can be anything from a new problematic pest wreaking havoc for homeowners, to a new remediation method, and anything in between.

Even technicians who have worked in the field for several years complete ongoing pest control training so they are addressing customers’ pest problems safely, effectively, and correctly.

You can find a job as a pest control technician through online job sites, in-person or virtual job fairs, or word-of-mouth referrals. Besides the technical knowledge, as a pest control technician, it’s important to have good customer service skills due to regular interaction with the public.

How can you confirm the company you choose has the right qualifications?

You always want to do business with professionals you can trust. Every pest control technician must pass a test to obtain their industry licensure. This information is usually available on the firm’s website, or ask them directly when you contact the company.

Requirements vary from state to state, but in Pennsylvania, you must be licensed to administer pesticides. The type of license you need will depend on who your employer is, and what pesticides you will be working with.

To receive your license, you must successfully complete a closed-book written exam in each category of application, as well as a Core Exam, with a grade of 70 percent or higher. (A valid ID is required to take the exam). The Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture administers the tests at different times and locations throughout the Commonwealth.

The most common licensure for household pest control workers is a certified pesticide applicator license with a Core and Household and Health-Related pest control category certification.  Entry-level technicians are Registered Pesticide Technicians and are covered under their employers’ licenses.

States require different licensures for different types of pesticide applications; it is best to visit their Department of Agriculture’s website to learn more about specific requirements.

What are the best questions to ask so you select the right company for you?

You want to select the best company for your needs. You want a company that can identify the pest problem in your home and, more importantly, how to get rid of it.

Below are a few of the best questions to ask when you are looking for a top-quality pest control company:

• “How long have you been in business?”
• “Are all of your technicians licensed?”       
• “How do you decide the best treatment to use?”     
• “How much training do your technicians receive?”   
• “Are your treatments safe for people? Pets?”

When you have selected a company you feel comfortable with, below are a few of the most common questions to ask the tech at your first appointment:

•  “What kind of pest is in my home?”
• “Have you ever removed (types of pest) before? What remediation methods did you use?”
• “How do you decide on the right treatment for this type of pest?”
• “How long before we see results?
• “Will a follow-up appointment be needed?”
• “What if the pests come back?”

Due diligence is important for finding the right type of professional you need. When you find and hire a pest control technician, it’s just as important to ask the right questions about the treatments they will be using, their effectiveness, and what happens if the treatment fails.

The Pest Rangers’ fully-licensed team of pest management professionals stand ready to work with you on all of your pest control needs. We guarantee residential customers will be satisfied with our results, or else we will continue to work on finding a solution for your pest problems until you are completely satisfied.

by Jeff King

Top Five Health Benefits of Having a Pest-Free Home

Homeowners take pride in their property and take the necessary steps to care for and maintain their home and outdoor space. Insect and rodent infestations are one of the biggest headaches for homeowners.

Each area of the United States is home to indigenous pests. Northeast Pennsylvania is no exception. Some common pests are more harmful than others.

Not only can these household pests wreak havoc on a property’s physical structures and green spaces; they can spread disease and trigger health problems in humans—everything from allergic reactions to conditions like zika virus.

Let’s look at five of the major health benefits of having a pest-free home.

What are the major effects of pests and rodents on the health of humans?

• Allergic reactions. As discussed in a previous post, most insect bites or stings cause a temporary reaction—usually itching or redness and some discomfort at the site. For those with allergies or other sensitivities, an insect bite or sting can be dangerous, even life-threatening. Severe reactions may lead to anaphylaxis, a condition in which the affected person may experience dizziness or a sharp drop in blood pressure (or worse) and require medical attention.
• Some insects and rodents carry disease. It’s widely known that certain insects and rodents carry disease—rats and mice, cockroaches, and mosquitoes among the top carriers. A range of illnesses, from E.coli to salmonella and malaria, have been directly traced back to these pests.
• Air contamination. Even the air inside your home can be affected by a pest infestation. Many insects and/or rodents leave behind droppings or shed skin which can easily be airborne and eventually breathed in.
• Food contamination. No one wants their food supply to be touched or tampered with. Unfortunately, improperly stored food can be an open invitation to pests. Mice and other rodents, and insects like cockroaches are known to contaminate food. With their chewing impulses, mice can easily gnaw through cardboard boxes or plastic food bags. Mice have no bladders, so they leave a trail of urine wherever they go, as well as droppings. These bodily secretions can lead to E.coli, salmonella, or the potentially life-threatening hantavirus. Cockroaches are also known carriers of e. Coli and salmonella, two common food-borne viruses. 
• Impact on mental health. The constant strain of worrying about potential property damage (and the cost to repair it) or possible health risks to vulnerable family members can cause stress and anxiety. Mental strain triggers physical health issues. Insomnia, poor appetite and increased blood pressure are all stress-related side effects.

Lyme disease, caused by ticks, is another health risk to keep in mind. The ticks don’t enter a home by themselves. They live in woods or tall grass. When we spend extended periods of time in these areas, the tick will attach itself to our body, and that is how it comes into our home.

Always look for ticks on yourself and your pets after being outside. Lyme disease is a difficult condition to live with. Symptoms include fever, headache, arthritis, and fatigue. It can be life-threatening if not treated properly.

What pests pose the biggest health risks?

By their name and nature alone, pests are nuisances for most homeowners. Some, like spiders, are a headache but present no real danger to your home or health.

From a public health perspective, mice and rats undoubtedly pose the greatest risks. (Squirrels are also considered rodents, as they are close cousins to rats and mice. They are not hazardous to our health, although they damage the “health” of a property.

They are highly destructive, known to chew through electrical wires and insulation, among other damaging behavior).  

Among insects, pests such as cockroaches and mosquitoes are the biggest offenders when it comes to our health. According to the National Pest Management Association’s website, cockroaches have been known to carry over 33 kinds of bacteria, as well as trigger asthma and allergies.

An infestation of these insects must be remediated by a pest control team as quickly as possible to reduce the risk of serious health hazards.

What are some quick ways to prevent pests from entering my home?

This post discusses some of the most harmful pests and how to keep them out of your home all year long.

Pests come inside seeking warmth and food. The best way to prevent pests from entering your home is to put barriers in place to keep them from these two things. Secure any potential entry points. Doors and windows should be closed tightly. Next, look around the frames. Some pests can squeeze through the smallest opening in a door or window frame. It’s critical to repair any holes in screens or other gaps in these areas.

Pests follow their food sources. Secure all outdoor garbage bags. Inside your home, try to avoid storing food in cardboard boxes in kitchen cupboards or pantries, opting for secure glass or plastic canisters instead.

Regular upkeep and maintenance checks should alert you to any unsecured areas. Be vigilant in checking dry, dark areas like attics, basements, storage sheds, and garages for signs of pest activity. If you suspect an infestation, contact a trained pest management company below to determine the type of pest, the extent of damage, and the best way to remove them.

by Jeff King

Ever Wonder How Bugs Survive in Winter? Here Are a Few Answers

One of the best things about winter in Northeast Pennsylvania is there’s no need to worry about insect bites or stings.

These creatures seem to disappear during the colder months, then reemerge in the spring. So what happens to bugs in the winter? We have some answers to this thought-provoking question.

How do bugs survive the winter?

There is no one clear-cut answer to how insects make it through the winter. Different insects survive winter temperatures by utilizing several different methods:

• Migration: Like all living creatures, insects need food and shelter to survive. They will go to great lengths if necessary to eat and stay warm. In warmer climates, insects are fairly active year-round. When their food source becomes scarce or temperatures drop, some insects move. Following the lead of most birds, several insects pack up and migrate to warmer climates to avoid the cold temperatures. The Monarch butterfly is one of the most well-known migrating insects. It works in reverse, as well—some insects fly north from the southern states every spring.
• Suspended animation: Think of winter as nature’s “reset”, when plants and animals lay low and re-emerge in the spring. Many insects practice something called diapause, essentially a state of suspended animation in which their development pauses, for the winter. Insects do this at various life stages, whether eggs, larvae, nymphs, or pupae. Woolly bear caterpillars, for instance, overwinter as immature larvae. They cover their bodies with a heavy layer of leaves to both stay warm and protect themselves from predators. Other insects, like grubs, burrow deep into the soil to stay warm.

Some insects, namely the praying mantis, lay eggs during the winter.

Bugs like dragonflies, mayflies, and stoneflies spend their winters in the nymph stage. They continue to live in ponds and streams below layers of ice, then resurface in the spring as adult insects when the weather gets warmer.

Insects like some species of moths spend their winter in the almost-grown pupae stage, then emerge as fully-formed adults in the spring.

• Overwintering: Insects like stink bugs and Asian lady beetles look for shelter from the cold in a warm, cozy home. Attics, basements, and storage areas are popular hiding spots for these bugs.
• Hibernating: Bears aren’t the only animals who snuggle in for a long winter’s nap. Several insects hibernate, too. Ladybird beetles are just one insect that does this. Honey bees huddle in their hives for the winter; mourning cloak butterflies are among the first insects to appear in the spring after their period of hibernation ends.

How do they not die?

Unlike warm-blooded mammals, insects are cold-blooded and highly sensitive to harsh weather. For this reason, they seek out warmth wherever they can. Many insects burrow in soil during the winter. Snow is a surprisingly effective source of insulation, as it keeps the ground’s temperature relatively stable.

Some insects survive the winter because of their physical makeup. A bed bug, for instance, can go for several weeks without eating. This insect will usually feed at night, penetrating a person’s skin, called blood meals.  An average bed bug can go 20 to 400 days before it feeds again. This insect can easily make it through a winter without feasting.

Can bugs survive being frozen?

Scientists continue to study the behaviors and physical makeup of various insects to determine how they react to different environmental factors.

Because they are cold-blooded, insects cannot regulate their body temperature—their internal temperature is basically the same as the temperature outside. Insects don’t have the luxury of growing a layer of fat or sporting a thick fur coat the way mammals do. Most of their survival techniques are on the inside.

One common means of survival has to do with insects’ metabolism. Their metabolism drops significantly; in essence, it remains active enough to keep the creature alive. As freezing temperatures rise, the insect’s internal controls adjust accordingly and their body temperature resets.

Like mammals, insects carry a lot of water in their bodies. These creatures use it for surviving harsh winters. Their bodies will convert the water to glycerol, essentially creating a type of antifreeze that prevents them from freezing solid.

Insects have embedded survival mechanisms that will get them through the harshest winters, predators, and other threats. Although most insects find the necessary warmth and shelter outside, it is not uncommon for them to make their way inside. Some DIY removal methods are effective, but depending on the type of pest, stronger remediation may be needed.

If your home has a pest problem this winter, reach out to a qualified pest control professional who can assess the problem and determine the best remediation method. You and your family should enjoy the cozy warmth of your home all season long without worrying about pests in your attic, basement, or storage shed.

by Jeff King

Top Tips to Rid Yourself of Unwanted Pest Guests

This holiday season, family and friends should be the only guests you welcome into your home.

If you are having problems with unwanted pest guests, there are several effective DIY methods to rid your home of insects or rodents.

What pests are considered especially bad in your home?

Any insect or rodent can become a pest if they damage your property or pose health hazards. Most of us can tolerate that one rogue pest that finds its way into a home. A swarm or cluster of that pest requires quick action and an effective way to get rid of them.

Some insects or rodents have notoriously destructive tendencies or cause health issues right from the outset. If one of these pests appears in your home, it’s safe to assume they’re not alone. Take steps to remove them before they cause serious damage to your home or health.

• Termites. The National Pest Management Association reports termites cause approximately $5 billion in property damage every year. DIY mitigation efforts are not recommended for termites. You’ll definitely want to call a professional who can identify the type of termite in your home and develop a treatment plan for removal.
• Carpenter ants. Carpenter ants have extremely powerful jaws. Unlike termites, these insects don’t consume the wood; instead, they chew on it and can easily hollow out solid pine or fir lumber to build their nests. This action can make a home structurally unstable.
• Cockroaches. Cockroaches are a persistent species; prevention is the most effective way to keep these insects out of your house. These pests are known to cause asthma in humans and carry a host of other diseases. Additionally, some of the powerful treatment methods can trigger asthma attacks and cause other health issues.
• Pantry pests. Fruit flies and meal moths are among the most common household pests that are typically drawn to kitchens, pantries, and anywhere food is stored.
• Bed bugs. Bed bugs don’t carry disease, although they can and will bite, causing itchy red bumps at the site. A bedbug infestation can spread throughout an entire house quickly and easily. They can cause several thousands of dollars in damage due to eradication treatments and replacing bedding, furniture, clothing, or other household items. There are several DIY methods on the market, such as bug bombs, sprays, or putting clothing and bedding in the clothes dryer so the extreme heat will kill the pests.
• Rats and mice. Rodents are destructive and the damage they cause can be expensive. Both rats and mice are notorious chewers; they can gnaw through electrical wiring, insulation, cardboard boxes (think storage areas like attics and basements), and paneling, which can cause a host of structural problems in a home. Rats and mice also do not have bladders and will leak urine throughout a home, leaving bacteria and possible disease behind. Rodent droppings are also known to trigger allergic reactions in people.
• Squirrels. Squirrels frequently seek shelter in a home’s attic or crawlspace. Aggressive chewers, squirrels chew through siding or soffits and often make nests in the eaves of an attic or other remote areas of a house.

Are any pests good to be in your home?

Some “pests” are beneficial to vegetation and are considered a friend to farmers, gardeners, and landscapers. Others are tolerable because they don’t carry disease. It doesn’t mean you necessarily want them as long-term guests in your home, though.

• Ladybugs. These easily recognizable black-and-red critters are beloved by those in agriculture, as they can eat up to 5,000 insects in a lifetime. Ladybugs love aphids and other harmful insects.
• Spiders. Except for a few species (the black widow and brown recluse among the most famous), spiders are relatively harmless. Homeowners tend to dislike spiders because, for many, spider webs give the impression of a dusty, cluttered, rundown home.

How do you rid yourself of unwanted pests?

Prevention is the best way to keep unwanted pests from invading your kitchen and other areas of your home.

• Don’t leave food sitting out. Store unused or leftover food in tightly-sealed containers.
• To keep meal moths out, store dry goods like pasta, cereal, and pet food in metal or glass containers rather than cardboard boxes or plastic storage bins. To deter fruit flies, keep produce in the refrigerator, not on a counter.
• Apple cider vinegar, peppermint oil, and other essential oils are natural, inexpensive, and effective insect repellents. Be sure to mix the apple cider vinegar with a generous amount of water if you’re using it on your plants. Ideally, spray the mixture in the dirt or area around your plant, not on the plant itself.

Best tips for securing your home

Regular upkeep and cleanouts go a long way toward securing your home against unwanted pest guests. Here are a few quick and easy tips to keep insects and rodents out:

•  Secure all doors and windows. Many pests can squeeze through the smallest opening, so be diligent in ensuring windows and doors close properly, repairing ripped or torn screens, and caulking any cracks or crevices along door or window frames.
• Avoid cardboard storage containers. Rats, mice, squirrels, and some insects can gnaw through the most heavy-duty paper easily. Store items in plastic tubs instead.
• Check your home’s foundation. Once again, regularly check your home for any cracks, crevices, or openings that unwanted pests could use to easily enter your home.
• Set traps. If you suspect (or see) an insect or rodent, try a DIY method first. Sticky traps work well for insects like cockroaches; regular mouse traps are an effective solution for rodents.

Simple DIY solutions can often take care of the problem. Contact a pest control professional for more intense remediation if the problem persists or if your home is infested with a particularly aggressive type of insect, like termites.

Spend the holidays enjoying the ones you love, not worrying about pests who are overstaying their welcome.

by Jeff King

Surprise! They Are Not Ladybugs But Asian Beetles

It’s not unusual to find the occasional rogue ladybug inside a home in Northeast Pennsylvania. According to some beliefs, a ladybug in the house is good luck, and it’s bad luck to kill it. Next time you see one inside your house, take a closer look.

Don’t be so sure it’s a ladybug. It could be a multicolored Asian lady beetle or Japanese lady beetle. The two insects look similar but are quite different in behavior and temperament.

What is an Asian beetle?

Asian beetles (and ladybugs) belong to the family Coccinellidae. The beetles resemble ladybugs on the surface. The two types of insects have different temperaments.

Ladybugs don’t bite. They do not infest wood, damage property, or carry disease. Ladybugs are a friend to gardeners and farmers because they consume harmful insects like aphids. They don’t damage plants and usually fly solo.

Asian beetles are beneficial insects to farmers and gardeners because they eat potentially destructive insects. For homeowners, Asian beetles are unwelcome pests.

Unlike ladybugs, who fly individually, Asian beetles congregate in large numbers near windows and doors seeking overwintering shelters. Once inside, they can be a nuisance. Fortunately, like ladybugs they do not infest wood, cause property damage, or carry disease.

Some can “bite” by scraping the skin when they land—hard enough to break the skin—and leave behind a foul-smelling yellow discharge that can stain light-colored fabrics. The bite and/or the yellowish discharge can trigger an allergic reaction in some people.

What do Asian beetles eat?

These insects feed on aphids and other soft-bodied insects that destroy agricultural crops and gardens. When their primary food source is exhausted, they will move on to another source, typically fall-ripening fruit like apples, grapes, and fall raspberries. They feed on the food source through cavities—usually a hole previously made by a bird or other insect.

Why do they look like ladybugs?

Both ladybugs and Asian beetles belong to the same family, which explains the physical similarities. Upon closer inspection, however, there are obvious differences.

Asian beetles are larger than ladybugs and range in color from orange to yellow to red (a standard ladybug is typically red). Similar coloring aside, the markings are the biggest difference between the two insects. Asian beetles sometimes have several black spots on their wing covers. Their most noticeable distinguishing feature is the “M”-shaped black marking on the back of the head.

When is the Asian beetle season?

Asian beetles are native to Asia but are found in many other parts of the world, including several areas of the United States like Northeast Pennsylvania. These insects were actually brought to North America to help control the aphid population. As sometimes happens, the beetle population exploded. They are commonly found in gardens, fields, and wooded areas.

They usually lay eggs beginning in early spring. Their infestation season runs from September-November when they look for indoor shelter during the winter.

How do you get rid of them?

Prevention is the most effective way to keep these insects out of your home. They pose no real danger to your property, family, or pets; however, they are generally considered a nuisance because the beetles congregate in such a large mass near doors or windows.

Here are a few ways to keep them out of your home:

• Secure all cracks/openings in and around door and window frames
• Cover windows, doors, and exhaust fans with a fine mesh to keep bugs out
• Choose a dark-colored paint for any exterior painting project, as these bugs are drawn to light-colored surfaces
• If considering a trap, consider a light trap. Place them strategically around your property in relatively dark, enclosed areas with no competing light. Commercial black (ultra-violet) light traps are an effective method of capturing these insects.
•  Sticky tapes or boards are another effective method for catching these insects. For best results, place them near potential entry points.

For beetles already in your home, simply using a broom to sweep them up and deposit them into a dustpan is the best way to get rid of them. The vacuum cleaner with a crevice tool is another good option. A word of caution—don’t let the beetles sit in the vacuum bag for too long, as dead beetles emit a foul odor after a few days.

Call a pest control management professional to assist with exceptionally large masses of Asian beetles. Taking the DIY approach to large-scale pest removal—especially if you are considering using pesticides—can be expensive and hazardous to your health. Contact The Pest Rangers Team below and let one of our skilled technicians handle the problem in a safe, responsible manner.

by Jeff King

Why Are Insects Attracted to Light in the First Place?

It’s a common phenomenon in Northeast Pennsylvania and other parts of the world—insects like moths are naturally drawn to light. You’ve likely seen this behavior firsthand if you’ve spent any time outdoors at night.  

Maybe you’ve wondered why insects are attracted to light. This is known as positive phototaxis in the science community. Cockroaches, for instance, scatter when a light is turned on. This makes them negatively phototactic.

The short answer is—no one is 100 percent sure why this happens; however, scientists have developed a few popular theories.

One theory states bugs are attracted to light because they are looking for food. Therefore, they prey on other insects flying near light bulbs and other sources of light. Another possibility is the presence of light tells insects there are no predators nearby.

A predator would block the light, a clear sign of danger. Some scientists believe insects are drawn to a lightbulb as a heat source. It gets cool at night, and bulbs give off some heat. Bugs may be flying around lights to keep warm. Another more widely-accepted theory has to do with how insects fly.

What is it about light that attracts insects?

One of the most common theories focuses on light as a navigational system. Insects normally see three kinds of light: ultraviolet (UV), blue, and green. UV light signals open space to insects. (The sun and the sky are the only natural UV light sources; flower petals reflect ultraviolet light.

Closer to home, some light bulbs give off a small amount of UV light; bug zappers utilize UV light to draw insects. Insects are unable to tell the difference between natural and artificial light and simply follow the glow. Most insects are drawn to the white incandescent, white fluorescent, or mercury vapor bulbs found in standard streetlights, which is why it’s not unusual to see dozens of these insects circling a streetlight at night.

Insects typically use natural light sources (i.e., moonlight) as a guide while they fly. However, artificial light sources, such as porch lights, trick the insects. Bugs are drawn to the light, thinking it’s the moon.

The bright lights of a porch, streetlamp, or outdoor security light confuse the insects further. Light bulbs are considerably brighter and shine in more directions than standard moonlight. A moth flies in a relatively straight line when flying by moonlight because the moonlight stays at a consistent angle. When drawn to the artificial light, an insect gets confused and disoriented by the light shining at different angles, so it flies in circles.

Another theory developed by an entomologist in the 1970s said male moths were drawn to candlelight because the candle’s flame gives off some of the same frequencies as female moths’ pheromones. (This theory has been disproven).

Why do bugs go-to light at night?

Moths and other nocturnal insects are used to navigating their flight path by moonlight. With the advent of artificial lights, such as electric streetlights, porch and other outdoor lighting on peoples’ homes, there is far more light at night to attract bugs. This abundance of light also means bugs are confused more easily, as well.

Are all bugs attracted to light?

Moths are best known for being drawn to light. However, other insects like flies, crane flies, mayflies, and beetles also fly toward light. Sometimes smaller animals that eat insects, like frogs or spiders, can also be seen near lights looking for food.

Some scientists say the abundance of artificial light, or light pollution, negatively affects some insect species. For example, fireflies have difficulty telling the difference between natural and artificial light.

Certain moths only live for a few weeks and may spend most of that time circling a streetlight rather than reproducing. Other scientists have noticed mayflies are drawn to light from their homes in ponds and other bodies of water. Like moths, the mayflies get distracted by the light and focus on this rather than laying eggs.

For homeowners looking to lessen the impact of insects flying around your outdoor artificial lighting, consider changing the bulbs in your porch or other outside light. Warm color LED bulbs or bulbs meant specifically to reduce insect attraction are a better option. These bulbs can help minimize the number of insects flying around your outdoor space and prolong insects’ lifespans.

You don’t want the insects drawn to your outdoor lighting to become a problem inside your house by way of doors or windows. If nocturnal pests are becoming a problem when you’re trying to enjoy the great outdoors, try a bug zapper. Or contact a pest control professional below for more tips and advice on controlling the insect population in your home or around your property.

by Jeff King

Top Five Allergic Reaction Symptoms to Insect Bites

Insect bites and stings are a common occurrence for people living in Northeastern Pennsylvania. For the average person, an insect bite or sting is itchy or painful for a short time, then the discomfort and irritation go away. For someone with allergies, an insect bite or sting can be serious, possibly life-threatening.

Some insects cause a large local reaction, which is swelling that extends beyond the site of the bite or sting. Antihistamines or corticosteroids can help alleviate the discomfort; sometimes medical attention is necessary if the area is unusually large or painful.

Maybe you aren’t sure if you are allergic because fortunately, you’ve managed to avoid an insect bite or sting. Let’s look at five of the most common allergic reaction symptoms to insect bites for a quick reference.

What are the signs of allergic reactions to insects?

The signs of an allergic reaction can vary from person to person and depends on the type of insect bite or sting. The most common signs of allergic reactions include:

•         Pain
•         Redness or flushing
•         Swelling at the site of bite or sting
•         Hives
•         Itching

Some severe reactions including abdominal cramping, tightness in the chest, or difficulty breathing may require medical attention. Anaphylaxis, a condition in which the person may experience dizziness or a sharp drop in blood pressure or worse, a loss of consciousness or cardiac arrest, is a potentially life-threatening reaction to an insect bite or sting. If this occurs, call 911 to get emergency medical help for the person immediately.

What insects cause allergic reactions?

Stinging insects like honeybees, hornets, wasps, yellow jackets and fire ants commonly cause allergic reactions. Biting insects like mosquitos have also been known to trigger severe allergic reactions such as hives, blisters, vomiting, or difficulty breathing.

Some insects, particularly fire ants, yellow jackets, hornets, and wasps, can sting repeatedly. The sting of a fire ant causes an itchy, localized hive or lump at the sting site for just about everyone. Those who are allergic may experience more severe symptoms.

The allergic reaction is caused by insect venom, which is injected into the person when the insect bites or stings.

What can you do for an allergic reaction?

If you know you are allergic, preventing a reaction is your best defense. When spending time outside, try to avoid contact with insects. Wear long-sleeved tops, long pants, and high socks if you will be outside for extended periods. Keep as much of your body covered as you can to deter insects from biting or stinging you. Use insect repellent on exposed areas for additional protection.

Another option for those with severe allergies is to always carry an epi-pen pre-loaded with a dosage of epinephrine (adrenaline). If you are severely allergic and encounter a potentially dangerous insect, you need to act quickly to neutralize the bite or sting. Epinephrine works effectively on the whole body to treat anaphylaxis and is the most recommended medication to treat allergic reactions. Your allergist prescribes the epi-pen and will work with you to determine how and when to use it in the event of an allergic reaction.

A third option is allergy shots or immunotherapy. For this treatment, the person has a slight amount of the allergen injected into their skin. Shots are given at least once a week for several months, then there is gradually more time between injections (usually two to four weeks). A person receiving immunotherapy will do this for three to five years to sufficiently build up their immunity to the allergen.

Why are some people allergic to insects?

Some people have a temporary reaction to an insect bite or sting, but their pain or discomfort passes in a day or two. The difference between people who have temporary reactions to insect bites or stings and those with insect sting allergies comes down to the differences in their bodies—namely, the immune system.

When your body encounters an insect by way of a bite or sting, the body releases something called histamines at the contact site. The greater the amount of histamines released for say, a mosquito bite, the stronger the response (as in, the site will become itchier). Some people have a stronger reaction to one type of insect more than another. Other people have little to no reaction, and still, others have strong to severe allergic reactions. It really depends on each person’s body chemistry and how they respond to foreign bodies.

You can be tested to determine whether you are allergic to various insect bites or stings. When you receive the test results, you can discuss the most effective next steps to protect yourself against future encounters with insects.

by Jeff King

What Causes Little Black Bugs in the Kitchen?

There’s nothing worse than going into your cabinet, opening a box of pasta, and finding a handful of little black bugs gnawing away on your Cavatappi. Unfortunately, the kitchen is a hotspot for plenty of different pests. Like us, they are on the lookout for food, and there’s no place better to chow down than in your pantry. So, what exactly do you have crawling around in your kitchen and, more importantly, how can you get rid of them for good? 

What are the little black bugs in the kitchen?  

Depending on where you find them, those little black bugs can be any number of insects. The key to figuring out what you have is identifying them first. If you happen to spot little black bugs, there are a few possibilities. It comes down to what they look like and where you found them. 

• Grain insects: These teeny tiny bugs typically hide in dry food pantries. They enjoy munching on foods like flour, rice, dry pasta, and cereals. Also known as weevils, or flour beetles, they are typically between 2mm and 3mm long. Unfortunately, they are also capable of laying over 300 eggs in a year.  Weevils will spoil food items when they hatch, and they can be very hard to see.
• Carpet Beetles: Sitting between 1 and 4 mm, these oval-shaped insects enjoy eating cloth and carpeting. Unfortunately, they also like to sneak into pantries and eat cereal too. While these speckled insects aren’t harmful, they will ruin food.
• Fruit flies: If your annoying little black bugs are in the sky instead of in your food, then you’re probably dealing with fruit flies.  These small, irritating pests run between 3-4mm long, and often seek out sweet smells. You can find them flying around ripe, or overripe fruits and other produce. They also tend to hover near fermented drinks, garbage, or moist areas, like the kitchen sink.
• Black ants: These colony creatures can often be found foraging for food. While they range in size and style, these nuisance insects don’t pose health threats, but you don’t want them searching your kitchen. One ant can easily lead to many more, and therein lies the problem.
• Cockroaches: The worst of the bunch, black cockroaches, or oriental cockroaches, can run as long as 25mm. These insects can often be found by drains and garbage disposals. Cockroaches like to remain hidden, but they like to hang in unbothered areas close to food. If they find their way into your pantry, they can also bring harmful food pathogens like Salmonella.  

While it’s possible that your invaders can be any one of these pests, you can easily tell what you have by size and shape. While ants and cockroaches are the worst of the bunch, don’t go panicking just yet. Once you’ve identified your pest, you are one step closer to being rid of them.

Where do they come from?

Depending on the insect, these little black bugs can come from just about anywhere. In the case of weevils or flour beetles, they transfer from grain product to product via eggs. Since the eggs are near impossible to see with the naked eye, it’s easy for infected products to spread. 

Weevils usually come in your food already, and if they are kept in a hot or warm area, they can spread through your pantry like wildfire. Additionally, if you tend to keep products on your shelves for long periods, that can contribute to the spread. 

When it comes to other tiny black insects on this list, like ants, they can get in through any opening, cracks, or crevices they can find. Since these insects or so small, they will have no trouble finding their way in. Also, like fruit flies, they can simply hitch a ride on the food or packages you’re carrying.

How do I get rid of them?

Again, this process is dependent on the type of bug. Regardless, the first step you should take is cleaning the infected area. A thorough cleaning can get rid of pheromone trails, sanitize surfaces, and the scent can deter bugs in the future. Also, cleaning can not only kill some of the insects, but it can also clear out their food source.

For weevils, it’s as easy as disposing of the contaminated food. You can kill the bugs by freezing them or exposing them to extreme heat and then thoroughly clean the area. If your cupboard contains plenty of grain products, beans, and rice, check everything. Once you’ve disposed of all the necessary foods, clean the area thoroughly with soap and water.  Do not use pesticides; this will not stop the weevils or flour beetles from coming back.

With carpet beetles, it’s a good idea to vacuum and steam clean your carpets, drapes, and furniture. Steam is key, as it will kill larvae and eggs before you suck them up. For fruit flies, the easiest way to get rid of them is to remove the produce and set out a dish of apple cider vinegar, and cover it with plastic wrap. The sweet smell will draw the flies in, and they get trapped by the plastic barrier.

If ants are your problem, an easy solution is using ant bait. Ants will follow the sweet smell and take the bait back to the colony, killing it at the source. Cockroaches, on the other hand, can be tricky to find and can cause serious health issues. It may be best to contact a pest control expert.

How do I prevent them from coming back?

The best way to keep most pests out of the kitchen is to perform regular maintenance. Seal any possible entryways, fix leaky pipes, and keep the kitchen tidy. This will deter most insects looking for an easy meal. 

When storing food, including pet food, use air-tight containers. Keep your pantry in a cool/dry place, and don’t let food sit out for too long. When purchasing dry foods especially, use the cycle process; use the oldest foods first and clear out the cupboards.

Finally, make sure you clear out any decaying produce, change your garbage often, and use a can with a lid. As always, you can reach out to a pest control expert for regular inspections and be sure any infestation is gone for good.

From ants to weevils, little black bugs in your cabinet can be an issue. The key to getting rid of them is determining what you have and taking action. While some bugs have a simple solution, others can be harder to deal with. If you’re having trouble with an infestation, contact a pest control expert and keep your cabinets sparkling.

by Jeff King

Prepping for Fall? Discover These Top Tips for Keeping Rodents Out.

Shorter days, longer nights, and the unmistakable nip in the air are sure signs that fall is on its way. Most of us prepare our homes and property for the next season. This fall, besides packing away summer wardrobes and raking up piles of falling leaves, take steps to protect your home against rodents. 

These pests often seek shelter indoors during the fall and winter months. As you prepare for fall, a few preventative measures for pest management now can save you time and money on pest removal or property damage when the weather gets even colder.

Rodents come into a house to seek warmth and a food source. These creatures can cause home or property damage (they are notorious for chewing through wiring, creating possible fire hazards), spread germs and disease, and cause a secondary infestation of mites, fleas, ticks, and more. If you detect a pest problem, take steps to get rid of them as soon as possible.

What are the top rodents in Northeast Pennsylvania?

Let’s look at some of the most common rodents you’ll find in Northeast Pennsylvania, though hopefully not your home, this fall.

Squirrels 

Squirrels are among the most prevalent rodents found in homes during the fall and winter. These critters love to nest in basements, attics, and crawl spaces. They are well-known chewers—namely, wiring and insulation. They can also chew through siding or under eaves to get into a house.

Mice

Mice are small, but the amount of damage they can cause to a house is massive. Like squirrels, mice are notorious chewers. They have been known to chew through wiring, paneling, even pipes—pretty much anything. Worse, the bacteria in their waste is a toxic breeding ground for disease (and unfortunately, they leave droppings everywhere). Mice will also chew on food items in pantries and sometimes cupboards. They will either nibble through the packaging to get to the food itself, or shred products like paper towels and tissues to line their nests.

Rats

Rats and mice have very similar behavior in that both have incredibly destructive chewing habits. Rats’ teeth are continually growing, so they are constantly chewing to offset the growth. Rats are shameless food thefts, as well—they will quickly chew through cardboard or plastic bags to get to the food. Like mice, rat droppings are extremely toxic and have been linked to diseases like hantavirus, hemorrhagic fever, lassa fever, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, among others.

Groundhog

Groundhogs are large rodents more likely to damage your property than your home. They primarily eat plants and will chew up your flower or vegetable garden before your home’s siding or paneling. That’s the good news. The bad news is they can easily consume your whole garden, essentially ruining all your work to beautify your property. In addition, groundhogs are burrowing animals and can create unsightly holes, which are also potential trip or fall hazards. Unfortunately, they can also chew on underground cables, creating potential power outages or other problems inside the home.

How do rodents get in?

Don’t let their size be deceiving—rodents can get into a home through the tiniest of openings. For example, mice can fit through an opening that’s only ½ inch wide. Common entry points include:

• Ripped or torn screens: A small rip or tear will not only give rodents easy access to your home but insects, as well. To protect your home from pests of all kinds, replace the entire screen as soon as you can.
• Cracks or crevices: It’s essential to do routine checks of your home and property so you notice anything out of the ordinary and can do a quick fix. Small things like sealing any cracks indoors or your house’s foundation can go a long way toward preventing pests from getting in.  
• Corner openings and J-channels: Corner posts are used to finish off the ends of siding at the corner of your house; J-channels is a kind of trim at the ends of windows and doors to hide the ends of vinyl siding. The space where the trim meets the siding is small, yet a mouse can still squeeze through. Steel pads or copper mesh can seal off the openings; use silicone caulk for an extra layer of coverage.
• Behind steps: Porch or basement steps are prime portals for rodents, so check them regularly.

 How can I protect my home from pests?

Residents of Northeast Pennsylvania need to be vigilant when securing your home against pests like rodents.  

• Look for potential entry points: Small holes, clearly chewed or frayed wires, or droppings are clear indicators of an unwanted visitor. Seal any openings you may find.
• Seal any cracks and crevices: Cement, caulking, and copper mesh are just a few of the most effective ways to seal foundational cracks or crevices or openings in door or window frames.
• Clean up vegetation: Leaf piles, weeds or grass clippings, and other vegetation are known to draw rodents like mice, rats, and groundhogs. So be sure to clean up after doing any yard work this fall.

If your measures to secure your home against pests this fall aren’t working, contact one of our trusted pest experts below. 

by Jeff King

Is 2021 the Year of the Spider? Why Are So Many Outside My House?

Spiders aren’t just for Halloween. If you live in Northeastern Pennsylvania, you know these 8-legged critters are part of the landscape all year round. Spiders aren’t just found in creepy old houses—they can be found in all types of homes.

Spiders are helpful for controlling the insect population, so they are important. What happens when the insects are under control, but you now have a spider infestation in your home or backyard? Should you worry?

Here, we’ll look at the various species of spiders found in Northeastern Pennsylvania, how they come into homes, and how to get rid of them before they become real pests.

Types of spiders found in Northeastern Pennsylvania

There are over 3,000 species of spiders in the United States; 37 are found in Pennsylvania alone. Most spiders are venomous, but their fangs are too small to bite humans.

The most common species found in Northeast Pennsylvania include:

• Daddy Long Legs
• Wolf spider
• Jumping spider
• Grass spider
• Yellow Garden Spider

The black widow and brown recluse spiders are two of the most dangerous, although you are unlikely to encounter either. (Although if you do, seek medical attention immediately). 

Black widow spiders prefer cool, dark places in the outdoors, like under rocks. The brown recluse is native to Pennsylvania but rarely found here except in science labs. This species is mostly found in the southern United States.

Why do I have so many spiders this year?

If you think you’re seeing more spiders than usual this year, you’re right. There has been a spike in the spider population which we can attribute directly to environmental factors. The summer of 2021 was hotter and drier than other years, which led to a spike in spider reproduction.

2021 has also been a record-breaking year for natural disasters like wildfires, hurricanes, and drought. These weather events destroyed vegetation, driving creatures of all kinds (including spiders) from their homes and forcing them to find shelter in other areas.

What attracts spiders to the outside of my house?

Backyards are the main draw for spiders, with insects their primary food source. They follow their food supply into the grass, flowers, and plants of the average backyard, and sometimes they stick around. 

Keeping your lawn and garden trimmed and discarding the clippings should minimize the number of spiders in your backyard.

Spiders can find their way into a house easily. They can come in through the smallest crack in a wall or door, a window opened a fraction of an inch, or they can land on a windowsill if the screen is torn or missing.

If you have spiders in your home, they are likely living in a dark, cool area like the attic or basement.  Webs are easy to remove. The best method is to use a standard vacuum cleaner (and it’s a great reason to use all those attachments). Or simply knock them down, then sweep them away with a broom.

Most homeowners are concerned with the aesthetic impact of spiders and spider webs. The webs can make a house look shabby or uncared for. 

Many homeowners are also concerned about spiders breeding in the beams or woodwork of their attics or basements.  And with so many people terrified of spiders, it’s understandable that most would rather not have them as permanent house guests.

What kind of damage can spiders cause?

Fortunately, spiders will not cause any structural damage to your house, nor are they a health risk.

What can I do to get rid of the spiders?

Take a close look at your house’s exterior and try to identify potential entry points for the spiders. Repair or replace your window screens. Seal any cracks along walls; caulk drafty spots along your windows. These small fixes will not only deter spiders from entering your house, they’ll make it more energy efficient!

Products like spider traps and sprays are effective methods for exterminating spiders inside your house. These products should never be used in areas where food is stored or prepared and should always be kept out of children’s reach.

There are also several natural DIY remedies for getting rid of spiders:

• Peppermint is one of the most effective ways of repelling spiders. Simply pour a few drops of peppermint oil into a spray bottle. Mix it with standard dishwashing liquid and some water, and spray the areas of your home where you see the spiders.
• Another way to kill spiders: Mix equal parts white vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Spray directly on any you see.

If the problem persists, or if you’d rather not get rid of the spiders yourself, contact our pest control experts below.

by Jeff King

How Do I Protect My Deck from Insects That Eat Wood?

A wooden deck or porch is a wonderful place to relax, gather with friends and family, and just enjoy the outdoors. Unfortunately, it can also serve as the perfect meal or home for many different insects.

Whether they are looking for lunch or to lay their eggs, there are many wood-seeking insects in Northeastern Pennsylvania. To help protect your deck, your outdoor furniture, and your home, we’re going to take a look at each insect and how you can stop them for good.

What insects eat wood in Northeastern PA?

There are quite a few insects that are known to eat wood, but it’s not just bugs with an empty belly you have to watch for. Plenty of insects need wood to build their nests, and while they don’t technically consume the wood, they do burrow in and cause serious damage. If you suspect something may be taking a bite out of your deck or wooden fixtures, here are a few insects to look out for.

• Termites: Of all the wood-eating/burrowing insects, this is the most dangerous. While they may not pose a physical threat, these colonizing pests can cause millions of dollars in damages. Unfortunately, they are also difficult to spot until a bulk of the damage has been done. These insects do eat wood, and the quicker you stop them, the better.
• Carpenter Ants: Often confused with termites, carpenter ants can also cause some serious structural damage. Unlike termites, these insects don’t eat wood. However, they do build their intricate nests in it. 
• Powderpost Beetles: These long, little beetles can be hard to spot, at anywhere between ⅛ and ¾ inches long. They also prefer to lay their eggs in living wood. The larvae will then hatch and feed off the wood. They don’t discriminate between soft or hardwood, but it does depend on the species.
• Wood-boring Beetles: These little beetles can be found chewing tunnels through wood, in both living trees and building material. An invasive species, these beetles are most dangerous in their larvae form, which is the part in the cycle that bores and eats wood. 
• Carpenter Bees: Carpenter bees don’t actually consume wood; however, they do like to build nests and lay eggs. Solitary insects, these bees seek out dead trees and wood and build tunnels. 
• Horntail Wasps: Like wood-boring beetles, horntail wasp larvae feeds on wood. They will lay their eggs into the cracks of living trees. Unfortunately, if a tree is processed, horntail wasps can live within the lumber.

 How can I prevent them from eating the wood?

Your tactics for keeping wood-boring and eating insects away can vary based on the species. Most species don’t like dry wood; so, it’s best to keep your decks and outdoor areas dry. Eliminate all moisture possibilities by sanding away possible holes and treating surfaces. If you keep plants or have furniture that can gather water, make sure you cover or remove it during inclement weather.  Sand, varnish, and treat any wooden surfaces regularly. Keep cracks and holes to a minimum. 

If you store or keep firewood, make sure you keep it dry and far from the house. If you have long branches dangling over your deck or house, have them pruned back. Also, remove any dead or dying trees from your yard as they can attract any number of these insects.

Finally, schedule regular inspections to make sure your home is in tip-top shape. When it comes to certain infestations, it can be hard to spot and treat them. Termites can be notoriously difficult to trace without a pest control expert. It’s imperative to schedule yearly inspections and employ preventive actions to keep your home protected.

How can I spot an infestation?

This, again, varies depending on the type of insect you have. Most boring insects will leave a sawdust pile behind. You can also see the evidence in the wood for insects like the carpenter bee, as there will be several holes hollowed out. Infested wood will likely crack and start to squeak or crumble. Also, if knocked on, the wood will make a hollow sound. Pay attention to any small holes or new damage to your deck. 

For termites, you may start to see a maze-like pattern in the beams or wooden furniture. You also might see piles of discarded wings near swarming seasons. Also, check for mud tubes, especially at the base of your deck.

Wood eating and boring insects can not only have a devastating effect on your deck but also on your home. To keep your property protected, it’s best to remain vigilant and perform frequent maintenance on your deck.

Taking a few extra steps to finish and treat your deck can protect you from all manner of infestation. Of course, to keep things safe, you can always schedule yearly inspections with a trusted pest control expert. With proper treatment, your deck can be safe and bug-free all season long.

by Jeff King

Fireflies Light Up the Night - But What Makes Them Glow?

Summer is the perfect time to head out and enjoy the outdoors in Northeastern Pennsylvania. There’s nothing more memorable than those warm evenings, relaxing in the backyard until the fireflies start to glow.

If any creature represents summer, the firefly is definitely in the running. But what are these little bugs and how exactly do they light up the night sky? As the sun begins on a cozy evening, let’s see what really makes the glow.  

What are fireflies?

Fireflies, or lightning bugs, are not actually flies at all. In fact, they are soft-winged beetles and part of the Lampyridae classification.  These illuminating insects can be up to 1-inch in length and can be identified by their black wings and red detailing. 

Shockingly, some firefly species are diurnal, so they do not glow. Fireflies are omnivores, so they do eat both plants and other creatures. Some species consume nectar, while others eat nothing at all.  Though they can be toxic if eaten, these flying beetles are harmless to humans, and typically live for about two months. You can easily spot these beetles flying through the night in the backyard, a field, or other areas with plenty of greenery.

What makes fireflies glow?

Of course, the stand-out condition of the firefly is their glow. These beetles are capable of bioluminescence, a chemical reaction that occurs within their abdomen that creates that unmistakable glow. Through this reaction, they will emit a yellow-green light which they can control through their nervous system. 

Believe it or not, the firefly produces one of the most efficient forms of light. Using a combination of a chemical called luciferin mixed with luciferases enzymes and oxygen, they can produce light 100% of the time. While the most common light is yellow-green, these flying beetles can create yellow, orange, and green glows, depending on the species. 

Like their color variety, not all “glows” are the same. Fireflies use unique flash patterns, while others will synchronize their sparkle. With over 2,000 different species of firefly, there are plenty of distinct patterns to see.

Why do they only glow at night?

The whole goal of “the glow” is to catch the eye of a prospective mate. Night is the perfect time to flash those mating signals. During the evening, males will take to the sky in search of a mate. Using specific glowing patterns based on their species, the males will signal to the females. These signals can vary from single flashes, multiple blinks, or they can take very specific patterns. These crazy, night-time light shows are just one big mating dance.

As males fly, the females wait on the ground, watching for potential mates. Once they find what they are searching for, the females with return the flash signal back to the male if they want to mate.

It should be noted that not all fireflies produce at night. These beetles fly by day and use pheromones rather than flashes. 

Do they only come out in summer?

Like most insects, fireflies tend to prefer warmth over cool or cold weather. In fact, they’d prefer to avoid the cold altogether. Warm, humid weather is the most ideal climate for fireflies to thrive. Milder winter and wet springs are indications of an abundance of fireflies in the summer.

As cold-blooded insects, they depend on the heat. Unfortunately, a cooler summer could be bad news for fireflies.

That Glow is also a warning sign

While that glow is mainly used for mating, it takes on a secondary purpose. The bioluminescence works as a defense to ward off predators. Like other brightly colored creatures and insects, fireflies have a bitter taste when eaten. The beetles create chemicals called lucibufagins, which are toxins that can be deadly with a high enough dose.

While it may take a few lightning bug snacks before that toxicity level is fatal, they do taste awful, and those toxins come with a distinct smell. These defenses come mainly from the chemicals in their diet, and not all fireflies can create the chemical needed for these defenses. But that doesn’t mean they don’t have a work-around.

Females that cannot create the chemicals necessary can be little tricksters. After they’ve found their mate, they will remain in the grasses watching other insects. They will mimic the flash patterns of other females, lure males in close and eat them. After eating the unsuspecting mates, they take in the chemicals needed to protect themselves and their eggs. In addition, they will also bleed if a predator grabs them, leaving their would-be killer a nasty taste in their mouths.

Fireflies are fascinating insects, and it is truly a joy to watch them sparkle in the night. Their unique flash patterns and ability to create light is a wonder that, sadly, we are slowly losing. Due to increased light pollution, loss of habitat, and unpredictable weather, the firefly population is in a decline.  

Without a clear, darkfield or yard, it can be difficult for fireflies to find their mates. These glowing beetles don’t have the luxury of migrating to a new habitat; once they lose their space, the insects simply die off. If you want to keep these illuminating wonders and help them thrive, turn off the lights and enjoy the nighttime glow. Keep the summer tradition alive and well for years to come.

by Jeff King