There are over 350 moth species found across Pennsylvania alone, with a few dozen more in New Jersey.
While moths may seem harmless, they pose real threats to trees, gardens, stored food, and even clothing.
Understanding the difference between different types of moths in the region matters, as many can trigger allergy symptoms, harm plants, and even damage property.
Many large moths found in Pennsylvania and New Jersey can be mistaken for other insects and can be scary to encounter in person.
Below, we highlight nine moths commonly encountered in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, followed by practical guidance on moth prevention, attraction triggers, and whether moths are actually dangerous.
1. American Dagger Moth
American Dagger Moths run up to about 2 inches long and can be found anywhere between spring and early autumn.
These moths live in woodland areas and are plain, with dark brown, grey, and white markings. However, their caterpillar form can be pretty intriguing. These insects are brightly colored, usually yellow or green, and have long black bristles.
While you might be tempted to pick up one of these creatures, it’s not the best idea. American Dagger Moth caterpillars are full of toxins that can leave you with a nasty rash. Anyone who picks them up may experience a burning or itching sensation, so it’s best to leave them alone.
2. Ash Sphinx
Though dull in color, the Ash Sphinx is a sight to behold. These large, fuzzy moths look quite grand. They are often grey with a dark streak running down the forewing, and they can grow between 3 ¼ – 4 ½ inches.
Often found in ash trees, these moths have very distinctive pointed wings.
3. Cecropia moth
This colorful moth subverts expectations of the grey and drab with a splash of color.
The Cecropia moth has a wingspan between 5-7 inches, and they can be identified by their reddish bodies and intricate matching bands of red, tan, and white.
Typically found in forests, these moths don’t eat once they hit adulthood and die two weeks after they reach this stage.
4. Gypsy Moth
While not native to the area, gypsy moths are everywhere in Pennsylvania, which can be quite a problem for trees and other greenery.
This invasive species is responsible for killing millions of oak, apple, and birch trees, among others.
The caterpillars feed on trees, and most of the greenery dies as a result. You can often find egg masses on piles of wood, building materials, and refuse piles.
The males are brown, while the females are white with brown markings, and they do not fly. These creatures are more dangerous than caterpillars and require pristine lawn care to prevent them from attacking your property.
An egg mass can contain 600-700 eggs, and the young will feed on tender new leaves.
5. Hummingbird Moth
Take a closer look at the hummingbird hovering close to that bush; it may not be what you think it is.
The hummingbird moth is fast and often found hovering over flowers, grabbing some nectar with their proboscis, or their tongue.
Coming in at 1 ¼ – 2 inches long, these moths have a color and size to match their bird-like counterparts. While most moths are active at night, this species buzzes around during the day and is among the region’s more fascinating insects.
6. Ironweed Clearwing Moth
Speaking of doppelganger insects, you might think this borer moth is a wasp.
Sporting black or brown coloration, they complete the look with yellow bands around the abdomen. The white bands on their antennae set them apart from other borer species, and while it may look like a wasp, it doesn’t sting.
Another day dweller, these moths use their disguise as protection as they dig into and feed on ironweed plants.
7. Codling Moth
Here’s a moth you don’t want near your garden. Codling moths are small, about ½ – ¾ of an inch long. They are pretty plain and can typically blend into their surroundings with their dark brown coloration.
However, their larvae can put the hurt on some vital produce, including apples and pears.
Emerging in early spring, these pests can destroy fruit, nuts, leaves, and spurs, often tunneling into the core.
8. Luna Moth
The Luna moth is unlike any other.
Stretching 3-4 inches, they are quite unique in both shape and color. A misty green and with vast, flowing wings, make these long-tailed creatures a real treat to see.
These moths rely on their coloration for protection, which can be a toxic warning. If attached, they create a clicking noise using their mandibles and can spit nasty fluids at their enemies.
9. Clover Looper Moth
Brown with occasional grey undertones, the clover looper moth feeds on clovers and legumes. Since their food source is plentiful, you can find them regularly in yards, lots, and other areas where weeds grow.
Are Moths dangerous?
While there are plenty of moth species in Pennsylvania, most of them are pretty harmless. In fact, they’re more likely to be a nuisance rather than a threat.
If you have allergies, they may cause some mild discomfort, or if you decide to pick up a dagger moth caterpillar, you may end up with a nasty rash. Of course, they can be poisonous if ingested.
However, moths tend to cause more damage to plants, clothes, and food. If you are experiencing a moth infestation or if you’ve encountered an invasive species like the gypsy moth, it may be best to contact a pest control expert.
What Attracts Moths to Homes in Pennsylvania?
Moths typically enter homes by accident, but infestations occur when indoor conditions support feeding or breeding. Understanding attraction points helps prevent repeat problems.
Moths are commonly drawn to:
- Light sources near doors, windows, and garages
- Stored fabrics, especially wool, silk, and natural fibers
- Pantry goods, including grains, flour, cereal, and pet food
- Vegetation near foundations, which provides shelter and breeding areas
- Humidity and warmth, particularly in basements and closets
Once inside, moths often go unnoticed until larval damage becomes visible. Reducing these attractants dramatically lowers the risk of infestation.
How to Prevent Moth Infestations in Your Home
Prevention focuses on removing food sources, limiting entry points, and disrupting breeding cycles.
Effective moth prevention tactics include:
- Sealing cracks, gaps, and poorly fitted doors or windows
- Storing clothing in airtight containers, especially seasonal items
- Using sealed containers for pantry goods and pet food
- Reducing outdoor lighting near entryways or switching to yellow bulbs
- Keeping closets, pantries, and basements clean and dry
For recurring plant problems or allergy symptoms, be sure to call a professional pest control expert. A local technician can identify hidden breeding areas and apply targeted treatments that stop infestations at the source.
While not dangerous to human life, moths can harm plants and clothing, often requiring professional assistance when they infest your home.
FAQs
Are moths active year-round in Pennsylvania?
Most moths are seasonal, but indoor infestations can persist year-round if food and shelter are available.
Do moths bite or sting?
Adult moths do not bite or sting. Some caterpillars, however, can cause skin irritation if handled.
What’s the difference between clothes moths and pantry moths?
Clothes moths feed on natural fibers, while pantry moths infest dry food products like grains and flour.
Can moths damage furniture or carpets?
Yes. Larvae can damage carpets, rugs, upholstery, and stored fabrics made from natural fibers.
Are mothballs safe to use?
Traditional mothballs contain chemicals that can be harmful if misused. Safer alternatives and professional treatments are often recommended.
Do moths indicate poor cleanliness?
Not necessarily. Even clean homes can experience infestations if entry points or stored items are accessible.
How fast do moth infestations spread?
Moths reproduce quickly. A small, unnoticed infestation can grow significantly within weeks.
Will DIY traps eliminate a moth infestation?
Traps help monitor activity but rarely resolve infestations on their own, especially when larvae are hidden.
